Steering — general information and device (BMW 5 Series E34)

The steering system consists of a steering wheel, a steering column, a steering gear, and steering rods. The steering wheel is mounted on a steering column, which transmits steering movements to the steering gear. Depending on the angle of the steering wheel, the steering gear ratio changes. This means that the greater the angle of the steering wheel, the less proportional the steering becomes. As the angle of the steering wheel increases, it becomes easier to turn, for example when parking a car.

In the mid-range, the steering ratio, which is close to direct transmission, ensures precise control of the vehicle, which is especially important at high speeds.

The power steering consists of a hydraulic pump, expansion tank and pipeline. The hydraulic pump is driven by a V-belt. The pump sucks fluid from the expansion tank and delivers it under high pressure to the steering gear. There, the regulator unit, together with the working piston, maintains the control movement.