The figure shows a four-cylinder M10 engine.
The oil pump -3- takes oil through the oil intake -6- from the oil sump -4- and delivers it to the main oil filter. There is a pressure reducing valve -5- at the outlet of the oil pump. The valve opens when the pressure is too high and part of the oil flows back into the oil sump.
On the central axis of the cartridge -1- of the oil filter, the oil enters the main channel. When the oil filter is clogged, the bypass valve opens and supplies unfiltered oil to the main channel. Lubrication channels for crankshaft bearings -2- branch off from the main channel. Through inclined holes in the crankshaft, oil enters the connecting rod bearings and is sprayed from there onto the piston pins and cylinders.
At the same time, through inclined channels, engine oil is supplied to the cylinder head to the camshaft bearings, rocker shafts and rocker arm supports.