Comment. Please read the warnings in section "Safety first!" and in paragraph 1 of this chapter.
1. If the starter does not work when the ignition key is turned to the appropriate position, there may be the following reasons.
- A) Faulty or discharged battery.
- b) Some electrical connections in the ignition switch, traction turnip and starter circuits are not able to transfer a large current from the battery through the starter to ground.
- V) Faulty traction turnip,
- G) Faulty mechanical or electrical part of the starter.
2. To check the battery, turn on the headlights. If their brightness decreases after a few seconds, this indicates that the battery is low - recharge (see paragraph 3) or replace the battery. If the headlights are bright, turn the ignition key to start and watch the lights. If the headlights dim, this means that the current is supplied to the starter, therefore. The problem must be in the starter itself. If the headlights keep burning bright (and at the same time, the sound of the traction relay turning on is not heard), it means. that the electrical circuit of the turnip is faulty or it itself - see the following paragraphs. If the starter turns slowly, but the battery is in good condition, this indicates that either the starter is defective or if there is significant resistance.
3. If there is a suspicion of a malfunction in the electrical circuit, disconnect both wires from the battery terminals, the wiring from the starter to the traction turnbuckle and the power unit ground bus (engine-transmission). Thoroughly clean the connections and reconnect them; arm yourself with a voltmeter or test lamp and check for full battery voltage at the positive terminal of the traction relay and good contact with ground. Lubricate the battery terminals with petroleum jelly to prevent corrosion - an oxidized connection is the most common cause of electrical circuit failures.
4. If the battery and all connections are in good condition, check the ignition switch circuit by disconnecting the wire from the starter's flat terminal. Turn on a voltmeter or test light between the end of the wire and a good ground (battery negative terminal type) and check if there is voltage on the wire when the ignition key is turned to start. If there is, then the electrical circuit is OK, if not, see the circuit test described in chapter 12.
5. The contacts of the traction relay can be checked by connecting a voltmeter or a test lamp between the relay terminal connected to the starter winding and ground. When the ignition key is turned to start, voltage should appear or the control lamp should light up. If the voltage does not appear, then the traction relay is faulty and it must be replaced.
6. If the circuit and the traction relay are OK, then the starter is faulty. In this case, you can give the starter for repair, but at the same time ask about prices - it may be more profitable to purchase a new one.