General convergence 0°5'+10'.
Camber and lateral tilt of the steering axle prevent the transmission of bumps to the steering parts and reduce friction when cornering to the lowest possible.
Camber is the angle at which the plane of the wheel deviates from the vertical. Thus, the front wheels are at an angle, and, for example, in negative camber, the ground support points of the wheels are farther apart than the top points.
The lateral tilt of the steering axis is the angle between the axis of rotation of the steering knuckle and the vertical at the point of contact of the tire with the road, when viewed in the direction of travel of the vehicle.
Due to the camber/roll axis, the wheel contact points are closer to the road on the steering axis of the steering knuckle. In this case, the so-called running-in shoulder is kept small. The smaller the break-in arm, the easier the steering works. Roughnesses in the road also have a weaker effect on the tie rods.
The caster angle is the angle between the steering axis of the steering knuckle and the vertical where the tire touches the road, when viewed perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle. This angle largely affects the stability of the rectilinear movement of the front wheels. Too little caster angle contributes to yaw on poor road conditions or crosswinds and prevents the steering from returning sufficiently confidently to the straight-line position after cornering.
Verification conditions
Steering in straight ahead position.
Correct tire pressure.
Car with normal load: 68 kg weights on front seats, one 68 kg weight in the middle of the rear seat, 21 kg weight in the center of the trunk, full tank of fuel.
The car was preliminarily rocked several times.
There is no unacceptable play in the steering rods.
There is no unacceptable play in the front suspension parts.
Correct vehicle level.