Front suspension
Independent front wheel suspension on double levers, aluminum, has a beam connected to the body through rubber mounts. The front beam is connected to the steering knuckles through transverse levers and rods. Suspension struts, bolted to the body and swing arms, consist of a helical spring and a gas-filled shock absorber. An anti-roll bar counteracts body roll when cornering and improves front wheel contact with the road.
Rear suspension
Rear suspension parts
1 - swing arm
2 - Beam
3 — the forward hinge of fastening of a reducer
4 — Rear hinges of fastening of a reducer
5 - transverse lever
6 - Beam hinge
7 - Stretch
8 - Integral lever
Rear suspension is a multi-link design with a subframe and double elastic mounting of the final drive. The wheels are guided by four wishbones, elastically connected to the subframe. The subframe is also elastically connected to the body. In addition, the levers and drive wheels are geometrically arranged in such a way that they, together with rubber-metal bearings, create the effect of joint control of the rear wheels and provide a precisely calculated adjustment of the rear wheel steering angle. This gives a gain in traffic safety in all situations.
Electronic damper control system (EDC), available as an option, adapts the damping force to changing road conditions with virtually no delay. All changes in speed, vertical body acceleration, brake pressure, vehicle load, steering angle and gas pedal position are constantly monitored by appropriate sensors. Based on the data received, the electronic unit generates signals to control the shock absorbers, adjusting their stiffness through the e / m valves.
Since the front and rear suspensions are made entirely of aluminium, the following must be observed:
- Do not allow the suspension to come into contact with the battery electrolyte;
- Use only a stainless steel brush to clean the suspension (not steel or brass);
- When grinding, cutting and welding, cover the suspension elements from sparks;
- Do not expose suspension elements to temperatures above 80°C. Exposure to spray booth temperature is acceptable.
Steering Gear Parts
1 - Pendulum lever
2 - Bushing
3 - bipod
4 - Medium thrust
5 - Right and left side rods
Details and power steering lines
1 - Power steering pump
2 - Power steering fluid radiator
3 - Steering gear
4 - Power steering fluid reservoir
D - O-rings
Steering consists of steering wheel, steering shaft, steering gear type «screw - ball nut» and steering gear. The steering wheel with an integrated driver's front airbag is mounted on a shaft that transmits control movements to the steering mechanism. Power steering is used to make driving easier (power steering). The power steering consists of a pump, a reservoir, hydraulic lines and a working fluid radiator. The power steering pump is driven through a multi-ribbed belt, sucks power steering fluid from the reservoir and supplies it under pressure to the steering mechanism, where the hydraulic booster adjusting element is located. The principle of operation of the power steering is considered in Section Steering.
Loosening problems often occur when repairing or servicing suspension and steering components «stuck» bolts and nuts. Fasteners located under the bottom of the car are constantly exposed to external influences and eventually corrode and partially collapse. The use of brute force in releasing such «stuck» fasteners are at risk of damage. To begin with, wet the non-retractable element with a small amount of special penetrating liquid, allowing it to soak the rust layer well. Use a wire brush to remove external deposits from the accessible areas of the threaded surfaces. Sometimes a sharp blow with a hammer on the nut through the drift helps to destroy the rust that fills the gaps between the turns of the threaded joint - try not to damage the threads as a result of the drift coming off. Use when giving away «stuck» fasteners of a long crank allows you to significantly increase the applied torque, however, it should be remembered that the use of extension cords complete with ratchet-type drives is associated with the risk of failure of the return mechanism, as well as the possibility of injury. Fasteners damaged in the process of releasing must be replaced without fail.
Since most of the procedures described in this Chapter are performed on a car raised above the ground, you should take care of the options for its reliable fixation in a raised position in advance - prepare strong props. To jack up the car, use hydraulic rolling jacks - remember that the onboard jack included in the standard package is intended only for temporary jacking up the car when replacing a failed wheel. The hydraulic jack can also be used to hang some suspension components when performing a particular procedure.
It is not allowed to carry out work under the car, which is held in a raised position only by means of jacks!
Welding and straightening of load-bearing suspension elements, as well as steering elements, is not allowed. Self-locking nuts and corroded fasteners should be replaced during repairs.