Injectors (solenoid valve injectors) are designed for metered supply of fuel injected into the engine intake channel, carried out by electromagnetic nozzles installed in front of the intake valves. The injector consists of the following main parts: body (1, fig. 3.26), needle valve (2), springs (3), anchors (4), electromagnetic winding (5), docking loop (6) and filter (7).
The needle valve at rest is pressed against the seat by a spring, and opens with the help of an electromagnet and an armature. When a voltage pulse is received from the ECU-KSUD, a magnetic field is created in the solenoid winding, the armature is retracted, the needle valve moves away from the seat, and fuel under pressure is sprayed through the annular calibrated slot. The amount of injected fuel depends on the injector open time, which is determined by the ECU-ECU based on information received from the sensors.
Difficult start, inability to start, as well as unstable operation of the engine at idle, indicate the possibility of a malfunction of the injectors.