General engine design concept Firm «BMW AG» (Germany) as a power plant on cars of the series «x5» with body «E-53» uses four-stroke petrol and diesel engines, consisting of models:...
General information about M54 engines The power unit based on the M54 engine is a four-stroke, in-line arrangement of cylinders, installed in the engine compartment along the longitudinal axis of...
Cylinder block — design description Cylinder block - with dry, thin-walled, cast-iron liners (pic. 3.3), made of light alloy based on aluminum, the sleeves of which can be repaired (boring). 1 -...
Cylinder head — design description The cylinder head is cast from aluminum alloy. It has two camshafts on plain bearings, intake and exhaust valves with their own closing springs. The design of...
Cylinder head gasket Pad (43, fig. 3.4) cylinder head made of synthetic materials (asbestos-free) with metal edging holes for cylinders. The gasket is installed with a label «Оben»...
Valve seats The valve seats are made of austenitic powder metallurgy steel and cannot be replaced. If there are signs of burning or wear that cannot be removed by...
Valve guide bushings The valve guides are made from a special bronze-based brass alloy and are pressed into the cylinder head. The parameters of the guide bushings of the intake...
Valves and Springs — Checking Condition valves (pic. 3.8) made of special, corrosion-resistant steel, chrome-plated, hardened rods, which are located in the block head in a V-shape, at an angle of...
Hydraulic pushers Hydraulic tappets are installed directly in the body of the cylinder head. The valves are driven by camshaft cams through hydraulic tappet plungers. The gaps...
Crankshaft bearing shells Inserts of main and connecting rod bearings bimetallic three-layer. Radial clearance between bearing shells and crankshaft main/conrod journals: nominal...
Flywheel — design description The flywheel of the power unit with automatic transmission is the drive disk (pic. 3.11.a) with starter ring gear and torque converter ground, automatic...
Vibration damper The vibration damper is made with two mounting designs and has a diameter of 200 to 270 mm (3. see fig. 3.10). 1 - bolt; 2 - gasket washer; 3 - damper; 4 -...
Piston group — design description 1, 2 - compression ring; 3 - oil scraper ring; 4 - piston; 5 - piston pin; in - retaining ring (∅22x1,5); 7 - bushing of the upper head; 8 - connecting rod; 9...
Gas distribution mechanism — design description The engine uses a valve timing mechanism with intake and exhaust overhead camshafts, the cams of which act on the valves through cylindrical hydraulic tappets....
D-VANOS system — design description The D-VANOS system is designed to change the valve timing of the engine, depending on the speed of the engine crankshaft and its load, by changing the angular...
Cylinder compression check Removing the engine should be preceded by checking the compression value, as one of the main operations that determine the degree of engine wear and the need...
Removal and installation of the engine Depending on the vehicle's production period and model, its equipment layout, electrical harnesses, pipes and hoses can be routed in the engine compartment...
Cylinder Head Cover Seal Replacement The design of the cylinder head cover and parts of the D-VANOS control unit is shown in fig. 3.63. Pic. 3.63. Cylinder head cover: 1, 19 - plug; 2 - nut; 3 -...
Valve seat lapping Attention! Valve seats cannot be replaced, because they are installed chilled to -150°C. Lapping of the valve seat is required if it shows signs of wear,...
Checking the valve guide In the process of checking the technical condition of the engine cylinder head, special attention must be paid to the degree of wear of the valve guides....
Checking the sealing plane of the cylinder head Checking the sealing plane of the cylinder head must be carried out in the following order. Remove and disassemble the cylinder head. Check flatness (warpage)...
Replacing the oil pan Attention! There is very little room to work on the removal of the engine oil pan, so it is necessary to lower the front axle beam. Measurement of the angles...
Replacing the lower timing cover The design of the lower timing cover is shown in fig. 3.77. 1 - timing block cover, lower; 2 - hairpin (4 things.); 3 - cylindrical pin (2 pcs.); 4 - stuffing...
Replacing the front crankshaft oil seal Replacing the front crankshaft oil seal must be carried out in the following order. Prepare fixtures «11.2.380», «11.2.383», «11.2.385» And «11.3.280». Remove...
Replacing the crankshaft oil seal Replacing the crankshaft rear oil seal, from the gearbox side, must be carried out in the following order. Remove gearbox. Drain engine oil and remove...
Crankshaft replacement Crankshaft replacement (see fig. 3.10) engine must be carried out in the following order. 1 - bolt; 2 - gasket washer; 3 - damper; 4 - asterisk; 5, 10 -...
Replacing connecting rod bearing shells Note. The connecting rod head bearings are different from the connecting rod cap bearings. Pay attention to the repair size of the crankshaft. Checking the...
Flywheel replacement Attention! After replacing the flywheel, the position of the engine speed sensor must be re-adjusted. Removing the flywheel must be carried out in the...
Vibration damper replacement Attention! When replacing the vibration damper, do not damage the radiator of the engine cooling system. The replacement of the vibration damper must be...
Pistons replacement Attention! Pistons and piston pins are paired and cannot be dismantled. The crankshaft journal bearing cap is machined together with the connecting rod and...
Replacing piston rings Note. On rings that have been in use, the marking may not be visible. Place the removed rings in their cylinder numbering sequence and position on the piston....
Camshaft Replacement Attention! Replacing camshafts without the use of special tools is strictly prohibited, due to their possible breakage. Camshafts can be replaced without...
Checking the valve timing Checking the valve timing must be carried out in the following order. Prepare fixtures «00.9.250», «11.2.300», «11.3.240», «11.3.450» And «11.4.220». Remove...
Adjusting the valve timing of the engine Adjusting the valve timing of the camshafts must be preceded by checking the valve timing. Attention! During work, do not allow the motor shaft to rotate in...
Chain Tensioner Plunger Replacement The design of the chain tensioner is shown in fig. 3.123 1 - cylinder; 2 - sealing ring; 3 - spring; 4 - plunger Attention! The target tensioner plunger is...
Valve replacement The design of the valve mechanism is shown in fig. 3.124. 1 - valve; 2 - oil scraper cap; 3 - lower spring plate; 4 - valve spring; 5 - upper spring plate; 6 -...
Replacement of valve stem seals Attention! Work on replacing valve stem seals should be carried out when the corresponding cylinder is at BDC. One of the reasons for the increased oil...
Replacing all valve springs Attention! Used hydraulic tappets must only be installed in their original positions. All valve springs must be replaced in the following order. Prepare...
Checking hydraulic tappets All engines of the M54, M62 and N62 models installed on BMW X5 / E53 series cars are equipped with hydraulic valve lifters. Checking the hydraulic tappets must...
Replacing the solenoid valves of the D-VANOS system Attention! Oil drips from EMC after turning them out. Collect it with a rag and send it for recycling. Ensure the safety of electrical wires and belts....
Replacing Engine Mount Brackets Bracket replacement (2) right engine mount must be carried out in the following order. Remove the engine accessory protection panel and fix the engine in the...