- ensure the operability of the cooling system in winter, protecting it from freezing, and in summer, preventing boiling and the release of coolant;
- protect metal parts in contact with coolant from corrosion and cavitation;
- have neutral properties with respect to rubber and plastic parts in the cooling system circuit;
- maintain the said qualities for a long time.
The coolant is prepared as a mixture of 50% antifreeze and 50% softened (distilled) water, which provides protection up to a temperature of – 38°C. The antifreeze content in the coolant should not exceed 40–55%.
Attention! Regenerated seawater (countries of the Black Sea, Caspian, Aral region and the Persian Gulf) is of unsatisfactory quality.
When performing maintenance work according to regulations "Inspektion" I and II, check the density of the coolant, which must correspond to that indicated on the package. Due to the gradual weakening of anti-corrosion properties, the coolant should be changed at least once every 2 years, for M-series vehicles - 2 years. Before the onset of cold weather, it is necessary to check the degree of concentration of antifreeze in the coolant, using a hydrometer for this purpose.
When replacing antifreeze, be sure to flush the cooling system with softened water. Let the engine run for 3-5 minutes, drain the water and blow out the cooling system with compressed air.
The capacity of the engine cooling system, including the interior heater, is 10.2 l. The coolant replacement frequency is every 2–3 years of operation.
Attention! Mixing certified products with each other and adding additives to them is prohibited.