Transfer case and cardan shafts — general information (BMW X5 E53)

The vehicle's transmission is all-wheel drive (4x4). It is carried out sequentially along the chain: engine - clutch (for manual transmission) - gearbox (Manual transmission/ Automatic transmission) – a transfer case in which the drive is distributed to the front and rear axles, then to the wheels, in a ratio of 38:62%, respectively, which occurs thanks to the "ADB-X" system (Automatic Differential Brake - Active braking differential), which redistributes the torque by braking the slipping wheels. Since 2003, the "ATC" system (Active Torque Control - Active torque) has also been used; the torque is redistributed in the range from 0% to 100% on one of the axles, depending on driving conditions.

[This publication was borrowed from an online resource: bmwman]