Behind the oil filter is a pressure reducing valve. When the pressure is exceeded, the valve opens and part of the oil drains back into the oil pan.
Lubricating channels for crankshaft bearings branch off from the main oil channel. Through inclined channels in the crankshaft, oil flows to the connecting rod bearings. The piston bottom is cooled through nozzles that supply oil from below to the piston.
At the same time, engine oil flows through vertical pipes into the cylinder head, supplying oil to the camshaft bearings, valve clearance compensators and valve guides. Drain resistances provide a guaranteed supply of oil to lubricate the specified elements in the cylinder head. In a 6-cylinder gasoline engine, oil is also supplied through the valve, depending on the need, to the camshaft adjustment mechanism.
In addition, oil is supplied to the timing chains, and on a 6-cylinder engine, the oil pump drive chain is lubricated.
Oil consumption
In an internal combustion engine, oil consumption refers to the amount of oil that is consumed as a result of the combustion process. In no case should this be understood as oil consumption associated with its leakage due to leaks through the oil pan, cylinder head cover, etc.
Normal oil consumption is made up of the combustion of a small amount of oil in the cylinders, together with the removal of exhaust gases, and wear. In addition, oil is lost as a result of the high temperature and high pressure that occurs in the engine. Oil loss is also affected by operating conditions, such as driving style, as well as manufacturing tolerances of engine components. Oil consumption should not exceed 1.0 l/1000 km.
Under no circumstances should the oil be filled above the Max mark. If the oil has been overfilled, the excess must be sucked off. Otherwise, the catalytic converter may be damaged by unburned oil entering it.